Alcohol Use Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus

Alcohol use disorder is a chronic relapsing brain disorder and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Chronic alcohol use worsens diabetes and associated diabetes-related complication. Alcohol use, especially over the long-term, can impact the glycemic control in persons with diabetes mellitus. Heavy consumption of alcohol in people with diabetes can lead to worsening of diabetes-related complications like diabetic ketoacidosis, altered lipid metabolism, peripheral neuropathy, sexual dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. This review aims to describe the association between alcohol use and glucose tolerance, effects of alcohol on the pre-existing diabetes; association between alcohol use, diabetes mellitus and diabetes-related complications and interaction of medicines used to treat diabetes with alcohol

SCREEN TIME BEYOND GAMING AND SOCIAL MEDIA: EXCESSIVE AND PROBLEMATIC USE OF OVER THE TOP (OTT) PLATFORMS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

There is a gap in existing literature regarding Over the Top (OTT) platform use contributing to the excessive and problematic screen time. We aimed to assess OTT platform use among college students and its associations with increased screen time, mental well-being, COVID-19 related anxiety and personality traits. A total of 1039 students from a college in India were invited to participate in this web-based survey. A majority of participants used OTT platforms regularly. Subscription to paid OTT platforms, poor mental well-being were associated with problematic OTT use; whereas personality trait of conscientiousness seemed to offer protection against problematic OTT use

SCREEN TIME BEYOND GAMING AND SOCIAL MEDIA: EXCESSIVE AND PROBLEMATIC USE OF OVER THE TOP (OTT) PLATFORMS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

There is a gap in existing literature regarding Over the Top (OTT) platform use contributing to the excessive and problematic screen time. We aimed to assess OTT platform use among college students and its associations with increased screen time, mental well-being, COVID-19 related anxiety and personality traits. A total of 1039 students from a college in India were invited to participate in this web-based survey. A majority of participants used OTT platforms regularly. Subscription to paid OTT platforms, poor mental well-being were associated with problematic OTT use; whereas personality trait of conscientiousness seemed to offer protection against problematic OTT use

A Retrospective Chart Review of Treatment Seeking Middle Aged Individuals at a Tertiary Care Substance Use Disorder Treatment Centre in North Part of India over Five Successive Years: Findings from Drug Abuse Monitoring System

Adolescents and young adults continue to remain the main focus of attention with regards to substance use related problems. There has been a limited focus on illicit substance use among middle aged and elderly population. The current study explored the changing trends of substance use among treatment seeking middle aged individuals (aged 40–60 years) at a tertiary level drug dependence treatment centre. The questionnaire used to gather information for the study is a 19-item structured questionnaire. It includes information on various sociodemographic variables, “current,” and “ever” use of substance. Information is also collected on variables related to high risk injecting drug use and HIV status of the individuals. There has been consistent increase in the population of treatment seekers over five years. Over the five-year period, the absolute percentage increase in treatment seeking population is approximately 21%. Polysubstance use was found to increase significantly over five-study years (PTrend = 0.007)

Coping with Illness: Insight from the Bhagavad Gita

The Shrimad Bhagavad Gita enlightens everyone on how to cope up with various situations in life. It uses the conversation between Lord Krishna and Arjuna to highlight initial negative coping mechanisms exhibited by the latter. It goes on to showcase positive coping skills suggested by Lord Krishna and implemented by Arjuna. The Bhagavad Gita, through this case-based methodology, teaches us how to cope with a demanding situation. Diabetes is a lifestyle disease, which warrants a thorough change in one\u27s lifestyle, including changes in basic activities such as diet and exercise. This brief communication utilizes the teachings of Bhagavad Gita to help in coping with illness, especially chronic illness such as diabetes. The article cites verses from the Bhagavad Gita to show how one may cope with the stress of illness such as diabetes

Perspectives on the INternational CLassification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11); an international qualitative study to Understand and improve mental health Diagnosis using expertise by Experience: INCLUDE Study

Developed in collaboration with the WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, this study conducted in the UK, India, and the US, integrated feedback from mental health service users into the development of the chapter on mental, behavioural, and neurodevelopmental disorders for the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11). The ICD-11 is set for approval by the World Health Assembly in May, 2019. As a reporting standard and diagnostic classification system it will be highly influential on the policy, clinical practice, and research that affect mental health service users; yet this is the first study to systematically seek and collate service user perspectives on a major classification and diagnostic guideline. Focus groups were used to collect feedback on five diagnoses: depressive episode, generalised anxiety disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar type 1 disorder, and personality disorder. Participants were given the official draft diagnostic guidelines and a parallel lay translation. Data were thematically analysed. This formed the basis of co-produced recommendations for the WHO, which included features that could be added or revised to better reflect lived experience and changes to language that was confusing or objectionable to service users. The findings also indicated that an accessible lay language version of the ICD-11 could be beneficial for service users and their supporters

Procenjivanje simptoma poremećaja igranja kompjuterskih igara na internetu (eng. Internet Gaming Disorder) kod studenata - internacionalna validaciona studija mere samoprocene

The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of a self-report scale for assessing Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) symptoms according to the DSM-5 and ICD-11 among 3270 college/univers ity students (2095 [64.1%] females; age mean 21.6 [3.1] years) from different countries worldwide. Croatian, English, Polish, Portuguese, Serbian, Turkish, and Vietnamese versions of the scale were tested. The study showed that symptoms of IGD could be measured as a single underlying factor among college/university students. A nine itemsymptom scale following DSM-5, and a short four-item scale representing the main ICD-11 symptoms, had sound internal consistency and construct validity. Three symptom-items were found non-invariant across the language samples (i.e., preoccupation with on-line gaming, loss of interests in previous hobbies and entertainment, and the use of gaming to relieve negative moods). This study provides initial evidence for assessing IGD symptoms among college/university students and will hopefully foster further research into gaming addiction in this population worldwide especially with taking into account language/cultural differences.U ovoj studiji su procenjena psihometrijska svojstva skale samoprocene koja je namenjena proceni simptoma poremećaja igranja kompjuterskih igrara na internetu (eng. Internet Gaming Disorder-IGD) prema DSM-5 i ICD-11 klasifikacijama mentalnih bolesti na uzorku od 3270 studenata (2095 [64.1%] devojaka; prosečna starost 21.6 [3.1] godina) iz više zemalja. Ispitana je hrvatska, engleska, poljska, portugalska, srpska, turska i vijetnamska verzija skale. Rezultati su pokazali da se kod studenata IGD simptomi mogu izmeriti instrumentom u čijoj osnovi leži jedan faktor. Skala od devet stavki koje se odnose na DSM-5 kriterijume i kratka skala od četiri stavke koja se odnosi na glavne simptome prema ICD-11 kriterijumima imaju zadovoljavajuću internu konzistentnost i konstruktnu validnost. Merna invarijantnost u odnosu na različite jezike je utvrđena za tri ajtema (preokupiranost igranjem onlajn igara, gubljenje interesovanja za dotadašnje hobije i zabavu i korišćenje igranja za rasterećenje od negativnih emocija). Ova studija je ponudila početne podatke za procenu simptoma poremećaja igranja kompjuterskih igrara na internetu kod studenata i nadamo se da će podstaći buduća istraživanja zavisnosti od kompjuterskih igrara u populacijama širom sveta uzimajući u obzir jezičke/kulturološke razlike

The Role of NMDA Receptor Antagonists in Nicotine Tolerance, Sensitization, and Physical Dependence: A Preclinical Review

Nicotine, the primary psychoactive component of tobacco products, produces diverse neurophysiological, motivational, and behavioral effects through several brain regions and neurochemical pathways. Various neurotransmitter systems have been explored to understand the mechanisms behind nicotine tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal. Recent evidence suggests that glutamate neurotransmission has an important role in this phenomenon. The aim of the present review is to discuss preclinical findings concerning the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor neurotransmission in mediating the behavioral effects of nicotine, tolerance, sensitization, dependence, and withdrawal. Based on preclinical findings, it is hypothesized that NMDA receptors mediate the common adaptive processes that are involved in the development, maintenance, and expression of nicotine addiction. Modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission with NMDA receptor antagonists may prove to be useful in alleviating the symptoms of nicotine abstinence and facilitate tobacco-smoking cessation

The Role of NMDA Receptor Antagonists in Nicotine Tolerance, Sensitization, and Physical Dependence: A Preclinical Review

Nicotine, the primary psychoactive component of tobacco products, produces diverse neurophysiological, motivational, and behavioral effects through several brain regions and neurochemical pathways. Various neurotransmitter systems have been explored to understand the mechanisms behind nicotine tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal. Recent evidence suggests that glutamate neurotransmission has an important role in this phenomenon. The aim of the present review is to discuss preclinical findings concerning the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor neurotransmission in mediating the behavioral effects of nicotine, tolerance, sensitization, dependence, and withdrawal. Based on preclinical findings, it is hypothesized that NMDA receptors mediate the common adaptive processes that are involved in the development, maintenance, and expression of nicotine addiction. Modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission with NMDA receptor antagonists may prove to be useful in alleviating the symptoms of nicotine abstinence and facilitate tobacco-smoking cessation